In The Name Of Allah Most Gracious Most MercifulAssalaamu alaykum wa rahmatuallahi wa barakatuhu
The Mahdi
by KL
And why should ye not fight in the cause of Allah and of those who, being weak, are ill-treated (and oppressed)? – Men, women, and children, whose cry is “Our Lord! Rescue us from this town. Whose people are oppressors; and raise for us from thee One who will protect; And raise for us from thee One who will help!” (4:75)
Son of 'Asakir quoted Yunus son of Maysara son of Halbas as saying that the Prophet had stated:
"This matter (namely the Caliphate) will be after me in Medina, then in Syria, then in the Jazeerah, then in Iraq, then in Medina, then in Jerusalem. If it is in Jerusalem, its home country is there, and if any people expel it, it will not return there for ever."
(Son of 'Asakir)
Mahdi's Linerage & Appearence
Hadhrat 'Ali said, "The Prophet (S) said, 'The Mahdi is one of us, from among the people of my household. In one night Allah will inspire him and prepare him to carry out his task successfully.'" (Ahmad and son of Majah.)
Note: The night of his inspiration and preparation is described in the hadeeths above.
Hadhrat Abdullah son of Mas'ood reports from the Prophet, who said: "The world will not come to pass until a man from among my family, whose name will be my name, rules over the Arabs." (Tirmidhi Sahih, Vol. 9, P. 74; Abu Dawud, Sahih, Vol. 5, P. 207; also narrated by Ali b. Abi Talib, Abu Sa'id, Umm Salma, Abu Hurayra)
Hadhrat Ali narrates that the Messenger of Allah said: "Even if only a day remains for Qiyamah to come, yet Allah will surely send a man from my family who will fill this world with such justice and fairness, just as it initially was filled with oppression." (Sunan Abu Dawud, Book 36, No. 4270)
Hazrat Umme Salmah (RA), Prophet's wife, narrates that she heard the Prophet (SAW) say: "The promised Mahdi will be among my progeny, among the descendants of Fatima." (Abu Dawud, Sahih, Vol. 2, P. 207; Ibn Majah, Sahih, Vol. 2, P. 519)
The Messenger of Allah announced, "The Mahdi will be of my family, of the descendants of Fatima (the Prophet's daughter)."(Sunan Ibn Majah, Vol. 2, Tradition No. 4086)
Abu Sa'id al-Khudari narrated that the Prophet said: "Our Mahdi will have a broad forehead and an aquiline nose. He will fill the earth with justice as it is filled with injustice and tyranny. He will rule for seven years." (Abu Dawud, Sahih, Vol. 2, p. 208; Fusul al-muhimma, p. 275)
Abu Is-haq told that Ali son of Abu Talib looked at his son Hasan and said: "This son of mine is a sayyid (chief) as named by the Prophet (peace be upon him), and from his loins will come forth a man who will be called by the name of your Prophet (peace be upon him) and resemble him in conduct but not in appearance. He then mentioned the story about his filling the earth with justice." (Sunan Abu Dawud, Book 36, No. 4276A)
And he also narrated from Abut-Tufayl [radhiyallahu 'anhu] that the Messenger of Allah [sallallahu 'alayhi wa-sallam] described the Mahdi and mentioned that he will have an impediment in his speech, and that he will strike his left thigh with his right hand when his speech becomes difficult.(Nu'aym ibn Hammad, Kitab al-Fitan, No.74)
Condition For Mahdi's Advent
Reported by a companion who informed Mujahid:
"Surely, the Mahdi will not come until the purified soul has been killed. When this occurs those in the Heaven and those on Earth will be angry. So people will come in a procession to the Mahdi; like the procession of a bride to her husband on their wedding night, and he will fill the earth with fairness and justice and the earth will produce its plants and the heaven will pour its rain and my nation will enjoy his government and favors never before enjoyed."
(Found in reference to son of Abu Shaybah)
Note: Along with a host of other things, the killing of the "purified soul" is another event preceding the Mahdi. From an Islamic perspective, "purification" means cleansing the soul from corruption, and growing it with the belief in Allah, and by doing good deeds and refraining from doing evil so that the soul will be blessed in this world and in the Hereafter. The "purified soul" is the one that is purified according to Allah's legislation and deserves all the beautiful traits in this world and the great rewards in the Hereafter.
Therefore, this hadeeth is referring to the killing of someone who has spiritually cleansed itself from corruption, and increased itself in faith. This may happen during the conflict that happens during the Hajj season in which the Mahdi appears.
Narrated by Hudhayfah, The Prophet said:
"Woe to this nation from the dictatorship of kings! Why do they kill and make pious people fear except those who obey them, and the pure believer soothes them with his tongue but resists them with his heart? If Allah wishes to revive Islam in might He will break the back of every stubborn tyrant -- He is Able to do anything and can reform the nation after its corruption. O Hudhayfah, if there remains but one day left in the world Allah will prolong that day until a man from the Family of my House will govern and fierce battles will be in his hands, and Islam will spread. Allah does not change His Promise and He is quick to recompense."
(Abu Nuaym, At-Tabarani, and Abu Amru Ad Dani.)
Note: It should be noted that the Mahdi appears when there are tyrants. If the Caliphate were already in place, there would would be no tyranny, injustice or oppression at his time, to replace with equity and justice.
Two Eclipses:There are two signs for the Mahdi... The first one is the lunar eclipse in the first night of Ramadan, and the second is the solar eclipse in the middle of this month. (Ibn Hajar al-Haythami, Al-Qawl al-Mukhtasar fi `Alamat al-Mahdi al-Muntazar, p. 47)
There will be two solar eclipses in Ramadan before the Mahdi's advent. (Mukhtasar Tazkirah Qurtubi)... The solar eclipse in the middle of the month, and the lunar eclipse at the end... (Al-Muttaqi al-Hindi, Al-Burhan fi Alamat al-Mahdi Akhir al-zaman, p. 37)It has reached me that before the Mahdi emerges the moon will be eclipsed twice in Ramadan. (Related by Abu Nu'aym in al-Fitan)
Mahdi Will Come After 1400 hijri Add 2 or 3 decades To It
"People will gather around the Mahdi in 1400." (Risalat al-Khuruj al-Mahdi, p. 108)
Narrated Abu Hurayrah (?):
"Count two or three decades after the year/decade of Hijri 1400. At that time, the Mahdi emerges…"
(Asmal Masalik Lieyyam Mahdiyy Maliki Li Kull-id Dunya Biemrillah-il Malik, Qalda bin Zayd, p. 216)
Note: The second decade of 1400 hijri is 1411 - 1420, which spans from 1990 - 2000. The third decade of 1400 hijri is 1421 - 1430, which spans from 2000 - 2009.
Mahdi's Ruling Characteristics-Full Of JusticeNarrated Abdullah ibn Mas'ud:The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "If only one day of this world remained. Allah would lengthen that day (according to the version of Za'idah), till He raised up in it a man who belongs to me or to my family whose father's name is the same as my father's, who will fill the earth with equity and justice as it has been filled with oppression and tyranny (according to the version of Fitr). Sufyaan's version says: "The world will not pass away before the Arabs are ruled by a man of my family whose name will be the same as mine." (Sunan Abu Dawud, Book 36, No. 4269)
Prophet Muhammad said: "If it remains only one day to the end of the world, Allah will elongate that day until a man of my family whose name is the same as mine will be inspired, he will make the world full of justice after it had become full of oppression." (Sahih al-Tirmidhi, vol. 5, p. 343)
'Abullah said, "The Prophet (S) said, 'A man from my household, whose name is like mine, will take power."' In another report, from Abu Hurayrah, the Prophet (S) said, "If there were only one day left for this world, Allah would lengthen it until he took power." (Tirmidhi, Al-Fitan)
Narrated by Hudhayfah,:The Prophet said: "The Mahdi is a man from my children. His face is like a glittering star, his skin is the color of an Arab, and his body is like that of Israel. He will fill the earth with justice just as it will have been filled by injustice, and the dwellers of Heaven and Earth will be pleased with his Caliphate." (Abu Nuaym, At-Tabarani, and Abu Amru Ad Dani.)
Note: From the above hadeeths, we can conclude that the Mahdi's name is Muhammad (the Prophet's name) and that his father's name is Abdullah (the Prophet's father's name), he descends from Hasan son of Ali, has a broad forehead, an aquiline nose, replacing tyranny, oppression and injustice with equity and justice, and then rules the world for 7 years.
Ka'b al-Ahbar says, "He will be called 'Mahdi' because he will guide to something hidden and will bring out the Torah and Gospel from a town called Antioch." (Abu Nu'aym)
Al-Suyuti mentioned in al-Hawi that the Messenger of Allah, upon whom be blessings and peace, said,
"He is called the Mahdi because he will guide people to a mountain in Syria from, which he will bring out the volumes of the Torah to refute the Jews. At the hands of the Mahdi, the Ark of the Covenant will be brought forth at Lake Tiberias and taken and placed in Jerusalem."
Ad-Dani said that he is called the Mahdi because he will be guided to a mountain in Syria from, which he he will bring forth the volumes of the Torah with which to argue against the Jews and at his hand a group of them will become Muslim.
Sulaiyman son of 'Isa said, :"I have heard that it is at the hands of the Mahdi that the Ark of the Covenant will be brought from Lake Tiberias and will be carried and placed before him in Jerusalem. When the Jews see it, they will become Muslim except for a few of them."
Note: Based on the above mentioned hadeeths, we can see that upon the Mahdi's arrival in Jerusalem, that he would bring forth volumes of the Torah to argue against the Jews, and would bring the Ark of the Covenant, and place it in Jerusalem.
Three Mahdi's & Three Sufyaani's
Ibni Munavi said that, “Danyal (Daniel) (as) reported in his book that, “There are 3 Sufyaanis and 3 Mahdis. When the first Sufyaani appears and his name and fame become widespread, the first Mahdi will confront him, the second Mahdi will confront the second Sufyaani and the third Mahdi will confront the third Sufyaani and Allah, the Exalted, will send him (the third Mahdi) to save the ones who have suffered mischief, and the believers. The Sunnah will be revived through him and oppression, injustice and cruelty will come to an end through him. The people will be highly prized and become victorious over their opponents at his time. A beautiful life will be lived, and the earth and the heavens will increase their blessing.. (*)
(*) This hadith exists in a handwritten copy of the book titled Al-Burhan fi Alamat al-Mahdi Akhir al-Zaman held in the Suleymaniye Library.
Note: The Mahdi we are discussing, is the third Mahdi, mentioned in the above quotation. The previous 2 will be discussed later .Likewise, with the 3 Sufyaanis, the Sufyaani we are discussing is the third one, who is the main one. The others would be discussed later.
Jihad Army Paves Way For Mahdi
Ali said, “The Prophet said, ‘A man named al-Harith son of Hirath will come from Transoxania. His army will be led by a man named Mansoor. He will be pave the way for and establish the government of the family of Muhammad, just as the Quraysh established the government of the Messenger of Allah. Every believer will be obliged to support them.’”
\u003c/span\>\u003cspan\>\u003cstrong\>(Abu-Dawud.)\u003c/strong\>\u003c/span\>\u003c/font\>\u003c/span\>\u003c/div\> \u003cdiv\>\u003cbr\>So, those 2, one succeeding the other, would by all accounts be Caliphs, just without any official, political authority, as it would still be in the hands of the despots. When the Mahdi appears, he would succeed, with their support, in finally overthrowing the despotic tyrants, establishing the rulership of the Rashidah Caliphate over the world, thus filling it with "equity and justice".\u003c/div\> \u003cdiv\> \u003c/div\> \n \u003cdiv\>\u003cspan\>In short, those 2 fight as Caliphs, while the Mahdi fights \u003cstrong\>and\u003c/strong\> rules as a Caliph. This means there would in fact be a time where we have a Caliph without a Caliphate system in place. What do you think?\u003c/span\>\u003c/div\> \u003cdiv\>\u003cspan\>\u003c/span\> \u003c/div\> \u003cdiv\>\u003cspan\>- KL\u003c/span\>\u003cstrong\>\u003cem\>\u003c/em\>\u003c/strong\>\u003c/div\>",1]
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(Abu-Dawud.)
Al-Harith son of Hirath & MansoorAli said, “The Prophet said, ‘A man named al-Harith son of Hirath will come from Transoxania [Central Asia ] His army will be led by a man named Mansoor. He will be pave the way for and establish the government of the family of Muhammad, just as the Quraysh established the government of the Messenger of Allah.Every believer will be obliged to support them.’” (Abu-Dawud.)
'Abdullah, the son of Abbas, may Allah be pleased with both of them, said to Mujahid: "If I had not heard that you are like the people of this House I would never tell you this." Whereupon Mujahid said: "It is surely in secret, I will not mention it to someone you hate." So Ibn Abbas told him: "There are four people from the House, from us is As-Saffah, and from us Al Mundhir, and from us the Mansoor, and from us is the Mahdi." So Mujahid said: "Clarify these four for me." He answered: "As for As-Saffah, perhaps he will kill his supporters and forgive his enemy. Al Mundhir will give away plenty of wealth, he will be humble and keep but a little of his rights. The Mansoor, will be given victory over his enemy and part of what was given to the Messenger of Allah, praise and peace be upon him, and that is that his enemies were frightened away from him the traveling distance of two months, whereas the enemy of the Mansoor will be frightened away from him the traveling distance of one month. The Mahdi will fill the earth with justice just as it has been filled with transgression -- livestock and foxes will live together peacefully. And the earth will bring forth that which is hidden from its depths -- they look like cylinders of gold or silver."(Found in reference to 'Ali ibn Abu Talib)
About Shuayb, the son of Salih, from Tamim:Ammar, the son of Yasir, may Allah be pleased with both of them, said: "The bearer of the Banner of the Mahdi is Shuayb, the son of Salih."
Muhammad, son of Al Hanaffia, said:"The Black Banners will come out for the children of Al Abbas. The other black banners will come from Khurasan. Their turbans will be black and their clothes white. At their front will be a man named Shuayb, the son of Salih, from Tamim. They will defeat the companions of The Sufyaani until he comes to the House of Jerusalem where he will establish his power for the Mahdi, and he will be supplied with three hundred (men) from Syria after his arrival and the matter will be settled for the Mahdi in seventy-two months (six years)."
Mahdi's Election
On the authority of Mujahid, Tubay said: "A man will seek refuge in Mecca and will be killed, then after that, along period of time will pass, then another man (the Mahdi) will seek refuge in Mecca but if you meet him do not fight him for if you do you will be part of the army that will be sunk and destroyed."(Nu'aym ibn Hammad, Kitab Al Fitan, "Sinking and Destruction of the Army of the Sufyaani", page 202)
Son of Masood said:"When commerce and roads are blocked and trials increase, seven knowledgeable people will come from different directions without previous appointment. Each will receive the allegiance of over three hundred men until they meet in Mecca. The seven will meet and asked one another; 'What brought you here?' They will reply: 'In Search of the man upon whose hand the trials will be calmed, and for whom Constantinople will be opened. We know him by his name, his father's name, his mother's name, and his army.' So the seven will agree upon this and search for him then find him in Mecca. So they will ask him: 'Are you so and so, son of so and so?' He will reply: 'No, I am a man from the supporters.' And escape from them, so they will describe him to people in their midst that are both righteous and knowledgeable and it will be said to them: 'The one whom you seek was in your company, and he will go to Medina.' So they will search for him in Medina but at that time he will be in Mecca. So they will search for him in Mecca and say to him: 'You are so and so, son of so and so, and your mother is so and so, daughter of so and so, and in you are the signs of such and such, and such and such. You escaped from us once so stretch out your hands and we will pledge our allegiance to you.' So he will say: 'I am not your companion.' Then he will escape from them so they will search for him in Medina when he has returned to Mecca, then they will find him in Mecca beside Al Rukn and say to him: 'Our sins will be upon you and our blood upon your neck if you do not stretch out your hand so that we may pledge our allegiance! The army of the Sufyaani is coming demanding us in which there is a man from Jurm. So he will sit between Al Rukn and Al Makam and stretch out his hand and allegiance will be pledged to him. So, Allah will sow love of him in the chests of the people and he will lead a nation that are lions during the day and worshippers at night." (Found in reference to Ali son of Abu Talib)
Note: Here it is mentioned that the Mahdi is expected to open Istanbul. At this time, Istanbul would be in control by the "Romans". This is also further demonstrates that the Mahdi would be the one who would fight against the Romans, conquering Istanbul and Rome, as well as fighting against the False Messiah (the Dajjal). This also means that it is him that would be the one who would lead the congregational prayer, in which the true Messiah, the son of Maryam, prays in.
Reported by Abdullah son of Amru:
"In the month of Zul-Qa'dah, the tribes will start to fight and pilgrims will be robbed. There will be a fierce battle at Mina until their companion escapes and he will be pledged allegiance between Al Rukn and Al Makam whilst he dislikes it. The allegiance will be pledged by the same number of fighters at Badr and the inhabitants of the Heaven and Earth will be pleased with him."
(Al Hakim, Nuaym son of Hammad's book 'Al Fitan')
Note: Here is mentioned that that there would be a battle at Mina. We can say, based on other hadeeths, that this is the battle between the forces of the Sufyaani and the Muslims of Medina. Based on both of these hadeeths, we can surmise that after the battle with the Sufyaani's army, the Mahdi flees to Mecca. The 7 individuals arrive in search of him, and after looking for him back and forth between the two cities of Mecca and Medina, they finally catch up to them, and forcefully given allegiance by them.
Narrated by Umm Salamah: The Prophet said, "Disagreement will occur at the death of a ruler and a man from the people of Medina will flee to Mecca. Some of the people of Mecca will come to him, bring him out against his will and swear allegiance to him between the Corner and the Maqam. An army will then be sent against him from Syria but will be swallowed up in the desert between Mecca and Medina. When the people see that, the eminent saints (Al-Abdal) of Syria and the best people of Iraq will come to him and swear allegiance to him.Then a man from Quraysh whose mother is from Kalb will appear and send against them an army which will be overcome by them, and that is the Battle of Kalb. Disappointed will be the one who does not receive the booty of Kalb. He will divide the property, and will govern the people by the Sunnah of the Prophet. He will remain seven years, then die, and the Muslims will pray over him." (Sunan Abu Dawud, Book 36, No. 4273)
Mahdi's Wars: [a] War with Arabs [b] War with Jews & Christians
When comes the Help of Allah and Victory, And thou dost see the People enter Allah's Religion in droves, Celebrate the Praises of thy Lord, and pray for his forgiveness; For he is Oft-Returning (In forgiveness). (Surah 110(An-Nasr))
Al Hasan Al Basri said:"A man of medium stature will come from Ar-Ray (a far-eastern town). He will be dark and from the children of Tamim -- a Wasaj, named Shuayb son of Salih with four thousand men. Their clothes will be white and Banners black, and at his front is the Mahdi. He meets no one that he does not defeat and scatter."
[a] War with Arabs
"When the dark people come after the Arabs they will be defeated and thrown into the lowest part of the earth. While these circumstances exist, The Sufyaani will come with three hundred and sixty riders until he reaches Damascus. After a month, he will be followed by thirty thousand from Kalb, so he will send an army to Iraq and kill a hundred thousand in Az-Zawra. Then they will go to Kufa and pillage. When this occurs a banner will come from the east led by a man from Tamim called Shuayb, the son of Salih who will restore what is in their hands from the captured people of Kufa and he will kill them. Then, another army from The Sufyaani will go to Medina and pillage it for three days and thereafter proceed towards Mecca until they find themselves in a desert. Then, Allah will send Gabriel and say to him, 'Chastise them!' So he will beat them with his leg once and Allah will cause them to be swallowed up. None will remain except two men who will return to The Sufyaani to inform him of the swallowing-up of his army, but this will not scare him. Several men from the Quraysh will escape to Istanbul and The Sufyaani will send to the leader of the Romans who will return them to him and he will slit their throats together with their followers. At that time a voice will come from Heaven saying: 'O people, surely Allah prevents dictatorship, tyrants and their followers for you and gives leadership to the best of the nation of Muhammad. So join him in Mecca -- he is the Mahdi!" Then, Hudhayfah asked: 'O Messenger of Allah, how shall we know him?' He replied: "He is a man from my children, he looks like the men from the children of Israel, upon him are two white cloaks with frayed edges"Qutwaani" cloaks. His face is like a colorful, glittering star, upon his right cheek there is a black mole and he is forty years old. Al Abdal and those looking like them will come to him from Syria. An-Nujaba will come to him from the dwellers of Egypt and groups of dwellers from the east, and those looking like them until they all gather together in Mecca and so they will pledge their allegiance to him between Al Rukn and Al Makam. Then he will direct himself towards Syria with Gabriel at his front and Michael at his middle and the dwellers of Heaven and Earth will be joyful because of him. Water will be plentiful in his country and the river will be spread and treasures found. When he reaches Syria he will slay The Sufyaani under the tree, the branches of which grow in the direction of Lake Tiberias and he will kill Kalb. So the loser of that Day of Kalb is he who does not gain even a rein." Hudhaybah asked: 'O Messenger of Allah, praise and peace be upon him, how is it permitted to kill them when they believe in the Oneness?' The Messenger of Allah, praise and peace be upon him, replied: "O Hudhayfah, they are at that time apostates, they claim that wine is permitted and do not pray." (Narrated by Hudhayfah and are found in the references of Abu Nuaym, At-Tabarani, and Abu Amru Ad Dani.)
Fight for the Hashemite Kingdom But Caliphate Will Be Established
Reported by 'Ali ibn Abu Talib:
"So do not rebuke the people of Syria but rebuke the evil people among them because amongst them are the Abdals. A flood is about to be sent down upon the people of Syria, which will disperse their groups in such a way, that if foxes attacked they would be beaten. At that time a man from the Family of my House will come under 3 banners; between 12-15,000 and their password is - 'Die, die.' Then, there will come 7 banners and under each will be one man seeking the kingdom. Allah will kill all of them and restore unity and favors upon the hearts of Muslims, and those who were far come close."
alternatively:
"At the end of time there will be a trial in which people will be sorted in a similar way to that in which gold is sorted from metal. Therefore do not rebuke the people of Syria rather, rebuke the evil people among them, because amongst them are the Abdals. Allah will send a flood from Heaven that will disperse their groups in a way that if foxes were to attack them they would be victorious. Then Allah will send a man from the perfumed musked children of the Messenger, praise and peace be upon him, amongst approximately 12-15,000 under three banners and their password is 'Die, die!' And they will be fought by the people of 7 banners under each is a man seeking the kingdom. They will be killed, defeated, then the Hashimite will appear, so Allah will restore unity and favors to the people and this will be the case until the Dajjal (the lying, false messiah) comes."
(Found in references of Ahmad, Abu Dawud, Ibn Majah and At-Tabarani.)
War with Jews & Christians
Narrated Abu Hurayrah (?):"...He (the Mahdi) fights the whole world and both the ones who have gone astray (Christians) and the ones who have earned Allah's anger (Jews) join against him with the hypocrites in the land of Isra and Miraj at Mount Megiddo. And there comes out against him the Queen of the world and deception, an adulteress called (America), who incites the world to deviation and infidelity...and the Jews of the world at that time would have the upper hand , ruling Quds and the holy city. And all nations come to fight by sea and air except those in the land of extreme cold and the land of extreme heat. And the Mahdi sees that all the world does plot against him, but he also sees that Allah's plan is stronger than all, and he sees that the World belongs to Allah and to Him it will return, and that the World is but a tree that Allah wills him to rule from its roots to its branches.......and Allah throws down on them (unbelievers) with a disastrous punishment, burning their lands and seas and skies. And the sky rains down a harmful shower, with the people of the Earth cursing the infidels, and Allah wills the defeat of the unbelievers."(Asmal Masalik Lieyyam Mahdiyy Maliki Li Kull-id Dunya Biemrillah-il Malik, Qalda bin Zayd, p. 216)
Mahdi's Capital For Khilafah Will Be In Jerusalem
'Ali said that the Prophet said, "The birth-place of the Mahdi will be in Medina. He is from the family of the House of the Prophet, praise and peace be upon him, and his migration is to the House of Jerusalem. His beard is thick, his eyes naturally masquerade, his teeth are radiant and upon his face is a mole and upon his shoulder is the Sign of the Prophet, praise and peace be upon him. And he will come out under the Banner of the Prophet made from a marked woolen black square that will not have been unfolded since the Messenger, praise and peace be upon him, and it will not be unfolded until the Mahdi comes. Allah will support him with 3,000 angels who will beat the faces and buttocks of those that oppose him. He will be sent between the age of 30 and 40."(Nu'aym ibn Hammad, Kitab al-Fitan, No. 73)
Note: From this hadeeth, we learn that the Mahdi's place of birth is in fact Medina, and that he migrates to Jerusalem.
Reported by Abu Said Al Khudri: "A man from my nation will come who speaks with my Sunnah and Allah, the Mighty, the Glorified will send showers of rain from the heavens so that the earth will produce its blessing. Through him the earth will be filled with fairness and justice just as it had been filled by oppression and injustice. He will govern this nation for seven years, and go to Jerusalem." (Abu Dawud, Al Hakim, At-Tirmizi, Ahmad, son of Hibban, Muslim, AlTabarani, Al Barudi and Abu Nuaym) Note: Following that immigration to Jerusalem, Medina will be destroyed and become the shelter of the savage people.
Mahdi's Treaty & His 7 years Rule
Treaty
'Abd Allah ibn 'Amr said, "I went to the Prophet (S) one day whilst he was performing Wudu' (ablution) slowly and carefully. He raised his head, looked at me and said, 'Six things will happen to this Ummah: the death of your Prophet - 'and when I heard that I was aghast,' - this is the first. The second is that your wealth will increase so much that if a man were given ten thousand, he would still not be content with it. The third is that tribulation will enter the house of every one of you. The fourth is that sudden death will be widespread. The fifth is a peace-treaty between you and the Romans; they will gather troops against you for nine months - like a woman's period of childbearing then they will be the first to break the treaty. The sixth is the conquest of a city.' I asked, 'O Messenger of Allah, which city?' He said, 'Constantinople.'" (Ahmad, Muslim, Ibn Kathir Page No: 34)
Muhammad, son of Al Hanaffia, said:"The Black Banners will come out for the children of Al Abbas. The other black banners will come from Khurasan. Their turbans will be black and their clothes white. At their front will be a man named Shuayb, the son of Salih, from Tamim. They will defeat the companions of The Sufyaani until he comes to the House of Jerusalem where he will establish his power for the Mahdi, and he will be supplied with three hundred (men) from Syria after his arrival and the matter will be settled for the Mahdi in seventy-two months (six years)."
Seven Years Rule Of Mahdi
Narrated Abu Sa'id al-Khudri:
The Prophet said, “The Mahdi will be of my stock, and will have a broad forehead and an aquiline nose. He will fill the earth will equity and justice as it was filled with oppression and tyranny, and he will rule for seven years.”
(Sunan Abu-Dawud, Book 36, No. 4272)
Abu Sa'id al-Khudari narrated that the Prophet said: "Our Mahdi will have a broad forehead and an aquiline nose. He will fill the earth with justice as it is filled with injustice and tyranny. He will rule for seven years." (Abu Dawud, Sahih, Vol. 2, p. 208; Fusul al-muhimma, p. 275)
Narrated by Umm Salamah: The Prophet said, "Disagreement will occur at the death of a ruler and a man from the people of Medina will flee to Mecca. Some of the people of Mecca will come to him, bring him out against his will and swear allegiance to him between the Corner and the Maqam. An army will then be sent against him from Syria but will be swallowed up in the desert between Mecca and Medina. When the people see that, the eminent saints (Al-Abdal) of Syria and the best people of Iraq will come to him and swear allegiance to him.Then a man from Quraysh whose mother is from Kalb will appear and send against them an army which will be overcome by them, and that is the Battle of Kalb. Disappointed will be the one who does not receive the booty of Kalb. He will divide the property, and will govern the people by the Sunnah of the Prophet. He will remain seven years, then die, and the Muslims will pray over him." (Sunan Abu Dawud, Book 36, No. 4273)
Events before Great War:War with Dajjal & Advent Of Isa alai salaam/Jesus
Involvement Of Syria
Narrated son of Hawalah:
The Prophet said: "It will turn out that you will be armed troops; one in Syria, one in the Yemen and one in Iraq. Son of Hawalah said: Choose for me, Messenger of Allah, if I reach that time. He replied: Go to Syria, for it is Allah's chosen land, to which his best servants will be gathered, but if you are unwilling, go to your Yemen, and draw water from your tanks, for Allah has on my account taken special charge of Syria and its people."
(Sunan Abu-Dawud, Book 14, No. 2477)
Prophet Muhammad said, "A section of my community will continue to fight at the gates of Damascus and around it and at the gates of Jerusalem and around it. It does not effect them the desertion of people who deserted them. They (will continue to) hold The Truth till the Judgment Day occurs."
(al-Hafiz al-Haithami)
Narrated Abu Darda':
The Prophet (upon whom be blessings and peace) said: "The place of assembly of the Muslims at the time of the Great war (Armageddon) will be in al-Ghutah near a city called Damascus, one of the best cities in Syria. " (Sunan Abu Dawud, Book 37, No. 4285)
"When the Great War occurs, a group from the masters will come from Damascus. They are the most honorable horses (horse is the symbol of honor) among Arabs and they have the best weapons among them (Arabs). Allah will support The Religion (Islam) with them."
(Son of Majah, Hakem, Ibn-3asaker)
Narrated Yusair son of Jabir: Once there blew a red storm in Kufah and there came a person who had nothing to say but (these words): "Abdullah son of Mas'ud, the Last Hour has come." He (Abdullah son of Mas'ud) was sitting reclining against something, and he said: "The Last Hour will not come until the people do not divide inheritance and rejoice over booty." Then He said pointing towards Syria, with a gesture of his hand like this: "The enemy will muster strength against the Muslims and the Muslims will muster strength against them." I said: "You mean Rome?" He said: "Yes, and there will be a terrible fight. The Muslims will prepare a detachment (for fighting unto death), which will not return unless victorious. They will fight until darkness intervenes. Both sides will return without being victorious and both will be wiped out. The Muslims will again prepare a detachment for fighting unto death so that they may not return unless victorious. When it is the fourth day, a new detachment from the remnant of the Muslims will be prepared and Allah will decree that the enemy will be routed. They would fight such a fight the like of which has not been seen, so fierce that even if a bird were to pass their flanks, it would fall down dead before reaching the other end. (There will be such a large scale massacre) that when counting will be done, (only) one out of a hundred men related to one another would be found alive. So what can be the joy at the spoils of such war and what inheritance can be divided? They will be in this very state when they will hear of a calamity more horrible than this. A cry will reach them: 'The Dajjal has taken your place among your offspring.' They will therefore throw away what is in their hands and go forward, sending ten horsemen as a scouting party. Allah's Apostle (peace be upon him) said: 'I know their names, the names of their forefathers and the color of their horses. They will be the best horsemen on the surface of the Earth on that day or among the best horsemen on the surface of the Earth on that day.'"(Sahih Muslim, Book 41, No. 6927)
Involvement Of -Istanbul-Constantinople
Conquest of Istanbul and Rome
Imam Ahmad narrated that Abdullah bin 'Amr bin Al-Aas said, "While we were around the Messenger of Allah) writing (the Hadith) the Messenger of Allah sallallaahu `alayhi wa sallam was asked/ 'Which of these two cities will be conquered first, Constantinople or Rome?' He said, 'The city of Heraclius will first be conquered.' He meant Constantinople.'' (Al-Hakim, Al-Mustadrak, vol. 4, p. 508. Also, see As-Silsilah as-Sahihah, vol. 1)
Reported by Abu Hurayrah: The Prophet said:
"If there only remains but one day left in the world, Allah will prolong it until a man from my house governs. He will open Constantinople (Istanbul) and the Mountain of Al-Daylam."
(Ibn Hibban, At-Tirmizi, Abuya'li, At-Tabarani, Al Bazaar, Abu Nuaym and Al Hakim.)
Nafi’, the son of ‘Utbah said, “The Prophet said, ‘you will invade the Arabian Peninsula and Allah will grant it (to you). Then (you will invade) Persia and Allah will grant it (to you). Then, you will invade Rome and Allah will grant it (to you). Then, you will invade The Dajjal and Allah will grant him (to you).’”
Mu’adh, the son of Jabal said, “The Prophet Sallallahu ‘Alaihi Wa Sallam said, ‘The building of Bayt al-Maqdis (al-Aqsa in Jerusalem) will be followed by the destruction of Yathrib (Madinah), which will be followed by a fierce battle (great war), which will be followed by the conquest of Rome, which will be followed by the appearance of the Dajjal.’"
Narrated Mu'adh ibn Jabal: The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "The flourishing state of Jerusalem will be when Yathrib is in ruins, the ruined state of Yathrib will be when the great war comes, the outbreak of the great war (i.e., the battle of Armageddon) will be at the conquest of Constantinople and the conquest of Constantinople when the Dajjal comes forth." He (the Prophet) struck his thigh or his shoulder with his hand and said: "This is as true as you are here or as you are sitting (meaning Mu'adh ibn Jabal)".
(Translation of Sunan Abu-Dawud, Battles (Kitab Al-Malahim), Book 37, Number 4281)
The Book Pertaining to the Turmoil and Portents of the Last Hour (Kitab Al-Fitan wa Ashrat As-Sa`ah) Muslim :: Book 41 : Hadith 6959 Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) as saying: The Last Hour would not come until the Muslims fight with the Turks-a people whose faces would be like hammered shields wearing clothes of hair and walking (with shoes) of hair.
The Book Pertaining to the Turmoil and Portents of the Last Hour (Kitab Al-Fitan wa Ashrat As-Sa`ah) Muslim :: Book 41 : Hadith 6930 Nafi' b. Utba reported: We were with Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) in an expedition that there came a people to Allah's Apostle (may peace be upon him) from the direction of the west. They were dressed in woollen clothes and they stood near a hillock and they met him as Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) was sitting. I said to myself: Better go to them and stand between him and them that they may not attack him. Then I thought that perhaps there had been going on secret negotiation amongst them. I however, went to them and stood between them and him and I remember four of the words (on that occasion) which I repeat (on the fingers of my hand) that he (Allah's Messenger) said: You will attack Arabia and Allah will enable you to conquer it, then you would attack Persia and He would make you to Conquer it. Then you would attack Rome and Allah will enable you to conquer it, then you would attack the Dajjal and Allah will enable you to conquer him. Nafi' said: Jabir, we thought that the Dajjal would appear after Rome (Syrian territory) would be conquered.
Narrated Abu Hurayrah:
Allah's Apostle (peace be upon him) said: "The Last Hour will not come until the Romans land at al-A'maq or in Dabiq. An army consisting of the best (soldiers) of the people on Earth at that time will come from Medina (to oppose them). When they arrange themselves in ranks, the Romans will say: 'Do not stand between us and those (Muslims) who took prisoners from among us. Let us fight them.' The Muslims will say: 'Nay, by Allah, we shall never turn aside from you and from our brethren so that you may fight them.'
They will then fight and a third (part) of the army, whom Allah will never forgive, will run away. A third (part of the army), which will be constituted of excellent martyrs in Allah's eyes, would be killed. The third who will never be put on trial will win and they will be the conquerors of Constantinople." (and/or Rome) As they are busy in distributing the spoils of war (amongst themselves) after hanging their swords by the olive trees, Satan will cry: The Dajjal has taken your place among your families. They will then come out, but it will be of no avail. When they reach Syria, he will come out while they are still preparing themselves for battle, drawing up the ranks."
Certainly, the time of prayer will come and then ‘Eessa (peace be upon him), son of Maryam, descends and will lead them in prayer. When the enemy of Allah sees him, it will (disappear) just as salt dissolves in water and if he (‘Eessa) were not to confront them at all, even then it would dissolve completely. Allah would kill them by his hand and he would show them their blood on his lance."
(Muslim Book No: 40 No: 6924)
Reported by Abu Hurayrah:
The Prophet said, "The Romans will surround a leader from my pure-musked children. His name will be the same as mine (i.e. the Mahdi). They will fight each other at a place called Al-A'maq and one third, or thereabouts, of the Muslims will be killed. They will fight again on another day and again one third or thereabouts of the Muslims will be killed. On the third day they will fight again and the Romans will be defeated. And they will remain there until they open Constantinople. It is whilst they are distributing the spoils of war that a messenger will come informing them that the false messiah is in their home town with their children." (Son of Hibban, At-Tirmizi, Abuya'li, At-Tabarani, Al Bazaar, Abu Nuaym and Al Hakim.)
Note: The above can be seen as evidence supporting the fact that during the Mahdi's reign, the Romans will be defeated and Istanbul along with Rome, will be conquered, the Dajjal will appear and 'Eessa will descend. This further supports the fact that the Dajjal emerges after the Mahdi and not before.
Battles (Kitab Al-Malahim) Dawud :: Book 37 : Hadith 4281 Narrated Mu'adh ibn Jabal: The Prophet (peace_be_upon_him) said: The flourishing state of Jerusalem will be when Yathrib is in ruins, the ruined state of Yathrib will be when the great war comes, the outbreak of the great war will be at the conquest of Constantinople and the conquest of Constantinople when the Dajjal (Antichrist) comes forth. He (the Prophet) struck his thigh or his shoulder with his hand and said: This is as true as you are here or as you are sitting (meaning Mu'adh ibn Jabal).
Narrated Mu'adh son of Jabal:The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "The greatest war, the conquest of Constantinople and the coming forth of the Dajjal (False Messiah) will take place within a period of seven months."(Sunan Abu Dawud: Book 37, Number 4282)
Narrated Abu Hurayrah:
Allah's Apostle (peace_be_upon_him) said: "You have heard of the city, one side of which is inclined and the other is on the coast." They said: "Yes, Allah's Apostle (peace be upon him)." Thereupon he said: "The Last Hour will not come until 70,000 people from the children of Israel attack it. When they land there, they will neither fight with weapons nor shower arrows but will only say: 'There is no god but Allah and Allah is the Greatest,' and one side of it will fall." Thawr (one of the narrators) said: I think that he said: "The area on the coast. Then they will say for the second time, 'There is no god but Allah and Allah is the Greatest,' and the other side will also fall. They will say, 'There is no god but Allah is the Greatest,' and the gates will be opened for them and they will enter. They will be collecting spoils of war and distributing them among themselves when a noise will be heard and it will be said: 'Verily, the Dajjal has come.' Thus they will leave everything there and turn to (confront) him."
(Muslim Book No: 40 No: 6979)
Later Mahdi Rules Whole World
The Prophet said, "There have been four great kings on the Earth: Two were believers and two were unbelievers. The believers were Dhu'l-Qarnayn and Sulaiyman (Solomon), and the unbelievers were Nimrod and Bakhtinasr. There will be a fifth king to rule the world will be from the people of my House."(Ibn al-Jawzi, Mektubat-i Rabbani, 2/1163)
"The Mahdi will rule the world like the Prophet Dhu’l-Qarnayn and the Prophet Sulaiyman."
(Ibn Hajar al-Haythami, Al-Qawl al-Mukhtasar fi 'Alamat al-Mahdi al-Muntazar, p. 29)
Note: These two hadeeths demonstrate that the Mahdi's rule is comparable to the rule of "Dhu'l-Qarnayn" and Prophet Sulaiyman. Prophet Sulaiyman is obviously King Solomon and "Dhu'l-Qarnayn" is said by some to be Cyrus or Dairus I, the emperor of Persia.
Note: The Great Imam of Islam, Imam al-Suyuti is considered by many to have been one of the reformers of Islam that the Prophet Muhammad (upon whom be blessings and peace) said God would send every one hundred years to renew the religion. He lived more than 400 years ago at a time of the 1000 year millennial year of the Hijra when for subjective reasons, many common Muslims thought the Imam Mahdi was to come to usher in the Kingdom of God. The Imam wrote a book refuting any significance to the year 1000 A.H (Hijri on the Islamic calendar). He also wrote that according to his knowledge and all his understanding of the Ahadeeth and the Qur'an the year of the Imam Mahdi will be some time in the 15th Islamic century . We are now in the early part of the 15th Islamic century. What is also significant is that the Mahdi is expected to appear in the 2nd or 3rd decade of this Islamic century (which is now). It should also be noted however that according to the Qur'an no one can predict when the Day of Judgment itself will exactly occur.
"The Mahdi will own the entire world."
(Al-Muttaqi al-Hindi, Al-Burhan fi 'Alamat al-Mahdi Akhir al-Zaman, p. 10)
"The Mahdi will invade all the places between East and West"
(Ibn Hajar al-Haythami, Al-Qawl al-Mukhtasar fi 'Alamat al-Mahdi al-Muntazar, p. 56)
"A small group of Muslims will rise and conquer the White House." (Musnad al-Imaam Ahmad)
Note: Mahdi rules the entire world, it could only be after the the Great war, which would also mean after the Dajjal.
Allah Knows Best
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The Mahdi
by KL
And why should ye not fight in the cause of Allah and of those who, being weak, are ill-treated (and oppressed)? – Men, women, and children, whose cry is “Our Lord! Rescue us from this town. Whose people are oppressors; and raise for us from thee One who will protect; And raise for us from thee One who will help!” (4:75)
Son of 'Asakir quoted Yunus son of Maysara son of Halbas as saying that the Prophet had stated:
"This matter (namely the Caliphate) will be after me in Medina, then in Syria, then in the Jazeerah, then in Iraq, then in Medina, then in Jerusalem. If it is in Jerusalem, its home country is there, and if any people expel it, it will not return there for ever."
(Son of 'Asakir)
Mahdi's Linerage & Appearence
Hadhrat 'Ali said, "The Prophet (S) said, 'The Mahdi is one of us, from among the people of my household. In one night Allah will inspire him and prepare him to carry out his task successfully.'" (Ahmad and son of Majah.)
Note: The night of his inspiration and preparation is described in the hadeeths above.
Hadhrat Abdullah son of Mas'ood reports from the Prophet, who said: "The world will not come to pass until a man from among my family, whose name will be my name, rules over the Arabs." (Tirmidhi Sahih, Vol. 9, P. 74; Abu Dawud, Sahih, Vol. 5, P. 207; also narrated by Ali b. Abi Talib, Abu Sa'id, Umm Salma, Abu Hurayra)
Hadhrat Ali narrates that the Messenger of Allah said: "Even if only a day remains for Qiyamah to come, yet Allah will surely send a man from my family who will fill this world with such justice and fairness, just as it initially was filled with oppression." (Sunan Abu Dawud, Book 36, No. 4270)
Hazrat Umme Salmah (RA), Prophet's wife, narrates that she heard the Prophet (SAW) say: "The promised Mahdi will be among my progeny, among the descendants of Fatima." (Abu Dawud, Sahih, Vol. 2, P. 207; Ibn Majah, Sahih, Vol. 2, P. 519)
The Messenger of Allah announced, "The Mahdi will be of my family, of the descendants of Fatima (the Prophet's daughter)."(Sunan Ibn Majah, Vol. 2, Tradition No. 4086)
Abu Sa'id al-Khudari narrated that the Prophet said: "Our Mahdi will have a broad forehead and an aquiline nose. He will fill the earth with justice as it is filled with injustice and tyranny. He will rule for seven years." (Abu Dawud, Sahih, Vol. 2, p. 208; Fusul al-muhimma, p. 275)
Abu Is-haq told that Ali son of Abu Talib looked at his son Hasan and said: "This son of mine is a sayyid (chief) as named by the Prophet (peace be upon him), and from his loins will come forth a man who will be called by the name of your Prophet (peace be upon him) and resemble him in conduct but not in appearance. He then mentioned the story about his filling the earth with justice." (Sunan Abu Dawud, Book 36, No. 4276A)
And he also narrated from Abut-Tufayl [radhiyallahu 'anhu] that the Messenger of Allah [sallallahu 'alayhi wa-sallam] described the Mahdi and mentioned that he will have an impediment in his speech, and that he will strike his left thigh with his right hand when his speech becomes difficult.(Nu'aym ibn Hammad, Kitab al-Fitan, No.74)
Condition For Mahdi's Advent
Reported by a companion who informed Mujahid:
"Surely, the Mahdi will not come until the purified soul has been killed. When this occurs those in the Heaven and those on Earth will be angry. So people will come in a procession to the Mahdi; like the procession of a bride to her husband on their wedding night, and he will fill the earth with fairness and justice and the earth will produce its plants and the heaven will pour its rain and my nation will enjoy his government and favors never before enjoyed."
(Found in reference to son of Abu Shaybah)
Note: Along with a host of other things, the killing of the "purified soul" is another event preceding the Mahdi. From an Islamic perspective, "purification" means cleansing the soul from corruption, and growing it with the belief in Allah, and by doing good deeds and refraining from doing evil so that the soul will be blessed in this world and in the Hereafter. The "purified soul" is the one that is purified according to Allah's legislation and deserves all the beautiful traits in this world and the great rewards in the Hereafter.
Therefore, this hadeeth is referring to the killing of someone who has spiritually cleansed itself from corruption, and increased itself in faith. This may happen during the conflict that happens during the Hajj season in which the Mahdi appears.
Narrated by Hudhayfah, The Prophet said:
"Woe to this nation from the dictatorship of kings! Why do they kill and make pious people fear except those who obey them, and the pure believer soothes them with his tongue but resists them with his heart? If Allah wishes to revive Islam in might He will break the back of every stubborn tyrant -- He is Able to do anything and can reform the nation after its corruption. O Hudhayfah, if there remains but one day left in the world Allah will prolong that day until a man from the Family of my House will govern and fierce battles will be in his hands, and Islam will spread. Allah does not change His Promise and He is quick to recompense."
(Abu Nuaym, At-Tabarani, and Abu Amru Ad Dani.)
Note: It should be noted that the Mahdi appears when there are tyrants. If the Caliphate were already in place, there would would be no tyranny, injustice or oppression at his time, to replace with equity and justice.
Two Eclipses:There are two signs for the Mahdi... The first one is the lunar eclipse in the first night of Ramadan, and the second is the solar eclipse in the middle of this month. (Ibn Hajar al-Haythami, Al-Qawl al-Mukhtasar fi `Alamat al-Mahdi al-Muntazar, p. 47)
There will be two solar eclipses in Ramadan before the Mahdi's advent. (Mukhtasar Tazkirah Qurtubi)... The solar eclipse in the middle of the month, and the lunar eclipse at the end... (Al-Muttaqi al-Hindi, Al-Burhan fi Alamat al-Mahdi Akhir al-zaman, p. 37)It has reached me that before the Mahdi emerges the moon will be eclipsed twice in Ramadan. (Related by Abu Nu'aym in al-Fitan)
Mahdi Will Come After 1400 hijri Add 2 or 3 decades To It
"People will gather around the Mahdi in 1400." (Risalat al-Khuruj al-Mahdi, p. 108)
Narrated Abu Hurayrah (?):
"Count two or three decades after the year/decade of Hijri 1400. At that time, the Mahdi emerges…"
(Asmal Masalik Lieyyam Mahdiyy Maliki Li Kull-id Dunya Biemrillah-il Malik, Qalda bin Zayd, p. 216)
Note: The second decade of 1400 hijri is 1411 - 1420, which spans from 1990 - 2000. The third decade of 1400 hijri is 1421 - 1430, which spans from 2000 - 2009.
Mahdi's Ruling Characteristics-Full Of JusticeNarrated Abdullah ibn Mas'ud:The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "If only one day of this world remained. Allah would lengthen that day (according to the version of Za'idah), till He raised up in it a man who belongs to me or to my family whose father's name is the same as my father's, who will fill the earth with equity and justice as it has been filled with oppression and tyranny (according to the version of Fitr). Sufyaan's version says: "The world will not pass away before the Arabs are ruled by a man of my family whose name will be the same as mine." (Sunan Abu Dawud, Book 36, No. 4269)
Prophet Muhammad said: "If it remains only one day to the end of the world, Allah will elongate that day until a man of my family whose name is the same as mine will be inspired, he will make the world full of justice after it had become full of oppression." (Sahih al-Tirmidhi, vol. 5, p. 343)
'Abullah said, "The Prophet (S) said, 'A man from my household, whose name is like mine, will take power."' In another report, from Abu Hurayrah, the Prophet (S) said, "If there were only one day left for this world, Allah would lengthen it until he took power." (Tirmidhi, Al-Fitan)
Narrated by Hudhayfah,:The Prophet said: "The Mahdi is a man from my children. His face is like a glittering star, his skin is the color of an Arab, and his body is like that of Israel. He will fill the earth with justice just as it will have been filled by injustice, and the dwellers of Heaven and Earth will be pleased with his Caliphate." (Abu Nuaym, At-Tabarani, and Abu Amru Ad Dani.)
Note: From the above hadeeths, we can conclude that the Mahdi's name is Muhammad (the Prophet's name) and that his father's name is Abdullah (the Prophet's father's name), he descends from Hasan son of Ali, has a broad forehead, an aquiline nose, replacing tyranny, oppression and injustice with equity and justice, and then rules the world for 7 years.
Ka'b al-Ahbar says, "He will be called 'Mahdi' because he will guide to something hidden and will bring out the Torah and Gospel from a town called Antioch." (Abu Nu'aym)
Al-Suyuti mentioned in al-Hawi that the Messenger of Allah, upon whom be blessings and peace, said,
"He is called the Mahdi because he will guide people to a mountain in Syria from, which he will bring out the volumes of the Torah to refute the Jews. At the hands of the Mahdi, the Ark of the Covenant will be brought forth at Lake Tiberias and taken and placed in Jerusalem."
Ad-Dani said that he is called the Mahdi because he will be guided to a mountain in Syria from, which he he will bring forth the volumes of the Torah with which to argue against the Jews and at his hand a group of them will become Muslim.
Sulaiyman son of 'Isa said, :"I have heard that it is at the hands of the Mahdi that the Ark of the Covenant will be brought from Lake Tiberias and will be carried and placed before him in Jerusalem. When the Jews see it, they will become Muslim except for a few of them."
Note: Based on the above mentioned hadeeths, we can see that upon the Mahdi's arrival in Jerusalem, that he would bring forth volumes of the Torah to argue against the Jews, and would bring the Ark of the Covenant, and place it in Jerusalem.
Three Mahdi's & Three Sufyaani's
Ibni Munavi said that, “Danyal (Daniel) (as) reported in his book that, “There are 3 Sufyaanis and 3 Mahdis. When the first Sufyaani appears and his name and fame become widespread, the first Mahdi will confront him, the second Mahdi will confront the second Sufyaani and the third Mahdi will confront the third Sufyaani and Allah, the Exalted, will send him (the third Mahdi) to save the ones who have suffered mischief, and the believers. The Sunnah will be revived through him and oppression, injustice and cruelty will come to an end through him. The people will be highly prized and become victorious over their opponents at his time. A beautiful life will be lived, and the earth and the heavens will increase their blessing.. (*)
(*) This hadith exists in a handwritten copy of the book titled Al-Burhan fi Alamat al-Mahdi Akhir al-Zaman held in the Suleymaniye Library.
Note: The Mahdi we are discussing, is the third Mahdi, mentioned in the above quotation. The previous 2 will be discussed later .Likewise, with the 3 Sufyaanis, the Sufyaani we are discussing is the third one, who is the main one. The others would be discussed later.
Jihad Army Paves Way For Mahdi
Ali said, “The Prophet said, ‘A man named al-Harith son of Hirath will come from Transoxania. His army will be led by a man named Mansoor. He will be pave the way for and establish the government of the family of Muhammad, just as the Quraysh established the government of the Messenger of Allah. Every believer will be obliged to support them.’”
\u003c/span\>\u003cspan\>\u003cstrong\>(Abu-Dawud.)\u003c/strong\>\u003c/span\>\u003c/font\>\u003c/span\>\u003c/div\> \u003cdiv\>\u003cbr\>So, those 2, one succeeding the other, would by all accounts be Caliphs, just without any official, political authority, as it would still be in the hands of the despots. When the Mahdi appears, he would succeed, with their support, in finally overthrowing the despotic tyrants, establishing the rulership of the Rashidah Caliphate over the world, thus filling it with "equity and justice".\u003c/div\> \u003cdiv\> \u003c/div\> \n \u003cdiv\>\u003cspan\>In short, those 2 fight as Caliphs, while the Mahdi fights \u003cstrong\>and\u003c/strong\> rules as a Caliph. This means there would in fact be a time where we have a Caliph without a Caliphate system in place. What do you think?\u003c/span\>\u003c/div\> \u003cdiv\>\u003cspan\>\u003c/span\> \u003c/div\> \u003cdiv\>\u003cspan\>- KL\u003c/span\>\u003cstrong\>\u003cem\>\u003c/em\>\u003c/strong\>\u003c/div\>",1]
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(Abu-Dawud.)
Al-Harith son of Hirath & MansoorAli said, “The Prophet said, ‘A man named al-Harith son of Hirath will come from Transoxania [Central Asia ] His army will be led by a man named Mansoor. He will be pave the way for and establish the government of the family of Muhammad, just as the Quraysh established the government of the Messenger of Allah.Every believer will be obliged to support them.’” (Abu-Dawud.)
'Abdullah, the son of Abbas, may Allah be pleased with both of them, said to Mujahid: "If I had not heard that you are like the people of this House I would never tell you this." Whereupon Mujahid said: "It is surely in secret, I will not mention it to someone you hate." So Ibn Abbas told him: "There are four people from the House, from us is As-Saffah, and from us Al Mundhir, and from us the Mansoor, and from us is the Mahdi." So Mujahid said: "Clarify these four for me." He answered: "As for As-Saffah, perhaps he will kill his supporters and forgive his enemy. Al Mundhir will give away plenty of wealth, he will be humble and keep but a little of his rights. The Mansoor, will be given victory over his enemy and part of what was given to the Messenger of Allah, praise and peace be upon him, and that is that his enemies were frightened away from him the traveling distance of two months, whereas the enemy of the Mansoor will be frightened away from him the traveling distance of one month. The Mahdi will fill the earth with justice just as it has been filled with transgression -- livestock and foxes will live together peacefully. And the earth will bring forth that which is hidden from its depths -- they look like cylinders of gold or silver."(Found in reference to 'Ali ibn Abu Talib)
About Shuayb, the son of Salih, from Tamim:Ammar, the son of Yasir, may Allah be pleased with both of them, said: "The bearer of the Banner of the Mahdi is Shuayb, the son of Salih."
Muhammad, son of Al Hanaffia, said:"The Black Banners will come out for the children of Al Abbas. The other black banners will come from Khurasan. Their turbans will be black and their clothes white. At their front will be a man named Shuayb, the son of Salih, from Tamim. They will defeat the companions of The Sufyaani until he comes to the House of Jerusalem where he will establish his power for the Mahdi, and he will be supplied with three hundred (men) from Syria after his arrival and the matter will be settled for the Mahdi in seventy-two months (six years)."
Mahdi's Election
On the authority of Mujahid, Tubay said: "A man will seek refuge in Mecca and will be killed, then after that, along period of time will pass, then another man (the Mahdi) will seek refuge in Mecca but if you meet him do not fight him for if you do you will be part of the army that will be sunk and destroyed."(Nu'aym ibn Hammad, Kitab Al Fitan, "Sinking and Destruction of the Army of the Sufyaani", page 202)
Son of Masood said:"When commerce and roads are blocked and trials increase, seven knowledgeable people will come from different directions without previous appointment. Each will receive the allegiance of over three hundred men until they meet in Mecca. The seven will meet and asked one another; 'What brought you here?' They will reply: 'In Search of the man upon whose hand the trials will be calmed, and for whom Constantinople will be opened. We know him by his name, his father's name, his mother's name, and his army.' So the seven will agree upon this and search for him then find him in Mecca. So they will ask him: 'Are you so and so, son of so and so?' He will reply: 'No, I am a man from the supporters.' And escape from them, so they will describe him to people in their midst that are both righteous and knowledgeable and it will be said to them: 'The one whom you seek was in your company, and he will go to Medina.' So they will search for him in Medina but at that time he will be in Mecca. So they will search for him in Mecca and say to him: 'You are so and so, son of so and so, and your mother is so and so, daughter of so and so, and in you are the signs of such and such, and such and such. You escaped from us once so stretch out your hands and we will pledge our allegiance to you.' So he will say: 'I am not your companion.' Then he will escape from them so they will search for him in Medina when he has returned to Mecca, then they will find him in Mecca beside Al Rukn and say to him: 'Our sins will be upon you and our blood upon your neck if you do not stretch out your hand so that we may pledge our allegiance! The army of the Sufyaani is coming demanding us in which there is a man from Jurm. So he will sit between Al Rukn and Al Makam and stretch out his hand and allegiance will be pledged to him. So, Allah will sow love of him in the chests of the people and he will lead a nation that are lions during the day and worshippers at night." (Found in reference to Ali son of Abu Talib)
Note: Here it is mentioned that the Mahdi is expected to open Istanbul. At this time, Istanbul would be in control by the "Romans". This is also further demonstrates that the Mahdi would be the one who would fight against the Romans, conquering Istanbul and Rome, as well as fighting against the False Messiah (the Dajjal). This also means that it is him that would be the one who would lead the congregational prayer, in which the true Messiah, the son of Maryam, prays in.
Reported by Abdullah son of Amru:
"In the month of Zul-Qa'dah, the tribes will start to fight and pilgrims will be robbed. There will be a fierce battle at Mina until their companion escapes and he will be pledged allegiance between Al Rukn and Al Makam whilst he dislikes it. The allegiance will be pledged by the same number of fighters at Badr and the inhabitants of the Heaven and Earth will be pleased with him."
(Al Hakim, Nuaym son of Hammad's book 'Al Fitan')
Note: Here is mentioned that that there would be a battle at Mina. We can say, based on other hadeeths, that this is the battle between the forces of the Sufyaani and the Muslims of Medina. Based on both of these hadeeths, we can surmise that after the battle with the Sufyaani's army, the Mahdi flees to Mecca. The 7 individuals arrive in search of him, and after looking for him back and forth between the two cities of Mecca and Medina, they finally catch up to them, and forcefully given allegiance by them.
Narrated by Umm Salamah: The Prophet said, "Disagreement will occur at the death of a ruler and a man from the people of Medina will flee to Mecca. Some of the people of Mecca will come to him, bring him out against his will and swear allegiance to him between the Corner and the Maqam. An army will then be sent against him from Syria but will be swallowed up in the desert between Mecca and Medina. When the people see that, the eminent saints (Al-Abdal) of Syria and the best people of Iraq will come to him and swear allegiance to him.Then a man from Quraysh whose mother is from Kalb will appear and send against them an army which will be overcome by them, and that is the Battle of Kalb. Disappointed will be the one who does not receive the booty of Kalb. He will divide the property, and will govern the people by the Sunnah of the Prophet. He will remain seven years, then die, and the Muslims will pray over him." (Sunan Abu Dawud, Book 36, No. 4273)
Mahdi's Wars: [a] War with Arabs [b] War with Jews & Christians
When comes the Help of Allah and Victory, And thou dost see the People enter Allah's Religion in droves, Celebrate the Praises of thy Lord, and pray for his forgiveness; For he is Oft-Returning (In forgiveness). (Surah 110(An-Nasr))
Al Hasan Al Basri said:"A man of medium stature will come from Ar-Ray (a far-eastern town). He will be dark and from the children of Tamim -- a Wasaj, named Shuayb son of Salih with four thousand men. Their clothes will be white and Banners black, and at his front is the Mahdi. He meets no one that he does not defeat and scatter."
[a] War with Arabs
"When the dark people come after the Arabs they will be defeated and thrown into the lowest part of the earth. While these circumstances exist, The Sufyaani will come with three hundred and sixty riders until he reaches Damascus. After a month, he will be followed by thirty thousand from Kalb, so he will send an army to Iraq and kill a hundred thousand in Az-Zawra. Then they will go to Kufa and pillage. When this occurs a banner will come from the east led by a man from Tamim called Shuayb, the son of Salih who will restore what is in their hands from the captured people of Kufa and he will kill them. Then, another army from The Sufyaani will go to Medina and pillage it for three days and thereafter proceed towards Mecca until they find themselves in a desert. Then, Allah will send Gabriel and say to him, 'Chastise them!' So he will beat them with his leg once and Allah will cause them to be swallowed up. None will remain except two men who will return to The Sufyaani to inform him of the swallowing-up of his army, but this will not scare him. Several men from the Quraysh will escape to Istanbul and The Sufyaani will send to the leader of the Romans who will return them to him and he will slit their throats together with their followers. At that time a voice will come from Heaven saying: 'O people, surely Allah prevents dictatorship, tyrants and their followers for you and gives leadership to the best of the nation of Muhammad. So join him in Mecca -- he is the Mahdi!" Then, Hudhayfah asked: 'O Messenger of Allah, how shall we know him?' He replied: "He is a man from my children, he looks like the men from the children of Israel, upon him are two white cloaks with frayed edges"Qutwaani" cloaks. His face is like a colorful, glittering star, upon his right cheek there is a black mole and he is forty years old. Al Abdal and those looking like them will come to him from Syria. An-Nujaba will come to him from the dwellers of Egypt and groups of dwellers from the east, and those looking like them until they all gather together in Mecca and so they will pledge their allegiance to him between Al Rukn and Al Makam. Then he will direct himself towards Syria with Gabriel at his front and Michael at his middle and the dwellers of Heaven and Earth will be joyful because of him. Water will be plentiful in his country and the river will be spread and treasures found. When he reaches Syria he will slay The Sufyaani under the tree, the branches of which grow in the direction of Lake Tiberias and he will kill Kalb. So the loser of that Day of Kalb is he who does not gain even a rein." Hudhaybah asked: 'O Messenger of Allah, praise and peace be upon him, how is it permitted to kill them when they believe in the Oneness?' The Messenger of Allah, praise and peace be upon him, replied: "O Hudhayfah, they are at that time apostates, they claim that wine is permitted and do not pray." (Narrated by Hudhayfah and are found in the references of Abu Nuaym, At-Tabarani, and Abu Amru Ad Dani.)
Fight for the Hashemite Kingdom But Caliphate Will Be Established
Reported by 'Ali ibn Abu Talib:
"So do not rebuke the people of Syria but rebuke the evil people among them because amongst them are the Abdals. A flood is about to be sent down upon the people of Syria, which will disperse their groups in such a way, that if foxes attacked they would be beaten. At that time a man from the Family of my House will come under 3 banners; between 12-15,000 and their password is - 'Die, die.' Then, there will come 7 banners and under each will be one man seeking the kingdom. Allah will kill all of them and restore unity and favors upon the hearts of Muslims, and those who were far come close."
alternatively:
"At the end of time there will be a trial in which people will be sorted in a similar way to that in which gold is sorted from metal. Therefore do not rebuke the people of Syria rather, rebuke the evil people among them, because amongst them are the Abdals. Allah will send a flood from Heaven that will disperse their groups in a way that if foxes were to attack them they would be victorious. Then Allah will send a man from the perfumed musked children of the Messenger, praise and peace be upon him, amongst approximately 12-15,000 under three banners and their password is 'Die, die!' And they will be fought by the people of 7 banners under each is a man seeking the kingdom. They will be killed, defeated, then the Hashimite will appear, so Allah will restore unity and favors to the people and this will be the case until the Dajjal (the lying, false messiah) comes."
(Found in references of Ahmad, Abu Dawud, Ibn Majah and At-Tabarani.)
War with Jews & Christians
Narrated Abu Hurayrah (?):"...He (the Mahdi) fights the whole world and both the ones who have gone astray (Christians) and the ones who have earned Allah's anger (Jews) join against him with the hypocrites in the land of Isra and Miraj at Mount Megiddo. And there comes out against him the Queen of the world and deception, an adulteress called (America), who incites the world to deviation and infidelity...and the Jews of the world at that time would have the upper hand , ruling Quds and the holy city. And all nations come to fight by sea and air except those in the land of extreme cold and the land of extreme heat. And the Mahdi sees that all the world does plot against him, but he also sees that Allah's plan is stronger than all, and he sees that the World belongs to Allah and to Him it will return, and that the World is but a tree that Allah wills him to rule from its roots to its branches.......and Allah throws down on them (unbelievers) with a disastrous punishment, burning their lands and seas and skies. And the sky rains down a harmful shower, with the people of the Earth cursing the infidels, and Allah wills the defeat of the unbelievers."(Asmal Masalik Lieyyam Mahdiyy Maliki Li Kull-id Dunya Biemrillah-il Malik, Qalda bin Zayd, p. 216)
Mahdi's Capital For Khilafah Will Be In Jerusalem
'Ali said that the Prophet said, "The birth-place of the Mahdi will be in Medina. He is from the family of the House of the Prophet, praise and peace be upon him, and his migration is to the House of Jerusalem. His beard is thick, his eyes naturally masquerade, his teeth are radiant and upon his face is a mole and upon his shoulder is the Sign of the Prophet, praise and peace be upon him. And he will come out under the Banner of the Prophet made from a marked woolen black square that will not have been unfolded since the Messenger, praise and peace be upon him, and it will not be unfolded until the Mahdi comes. Allah will support him with 3,000 angels who will beat the faces and buttocks of those that oppose him. He will be sent between the age of 30 and 40."(Nu'aym ibn Hammad, Kitab al-Fitan, No. 73)
Note: From this hadeeth, we learn that the Mahdi's place of birth is in fact Medina, and that he migrates to Jerusalem.
Reported by Abu Said Al Khudri: "A man from my nation will come who speaks with my Sunnah and Allah, the Mighty, the Glorified will send showers of rain from the heavens so that the earth will produce its blessing. Through him the earth will be filled with fairness and justice just as it had been filled by oppression and injustice. He will govern this nation for seven years, and go to Jerusalem." (Abu Dawud, Al Hakim, At-Tirmizi, Ahmad, son of Hibban, Muslim, AlTabarani, Al Barudi and Abu Nuaym) Note: Following that immigration to Jerusalem, Medina will be destroyed and become the shelter of the savage people.
Mahdi's Treaty & His 7 years Rule
Treaty
'Abd Allah ibn 'Amr said, "I went to the Prophet (S) one day whilst he was performing Wudu' (ablution) slowly and carefully. He raised his head, looked at me and said, 'Six things will happen to this Ummah: the death of your Prophet - 'and when I heard that I was aghast,' - this is the first. The second is that your wealth will increase so much that if a man were given ten thousand, he would still not be content with it. The third is that tribulation will enter the house of every one of you. The fourth is that sudden death will be widespread. The fifth is a peace-treaty between you and the Romans; they will gather troops against you for nine months - like a woman's period of childbearing then they will be the first to break the treaty. The sixth is the conquest of a city.' I asked, 'O Messenger of Allah, which city?' He said, 'Constantinople.'" (Ahmad, Muslim, Ibn Kathir Page No: 34)
Muhammad, son of Al Hanaffia, said:"The Black Banners will come out for the children of Al Abbas. The other black banners will come from Khurasan. Their turbans will be black and their clothes white. At their front will be a man named Shuayb, the son of Salih, from Tamim. They will defeat the companions of The Sufyaani until he comes to the House of Jerusalem where he will establish his power for the Mahdi, and he will be supplied with three hundred (men) from Syria after his arrival and the matter will be settled for the Mahdi in seventy-two months (six years)."
Seven Years Rule Of Mahdi
Narrated Abu Sa'id al-Khudri:
The Prophet said, “The Mahdi will be of my stock, and will have a broad forehead and an aquiline nose. He will fill the earth will equity and justice as it was filled with oppression and tyranny, and he will rule for seven years.”
(Sunan Abu-Dawud, Book 36, No. 4272)
Abu Sa'id al-Khudari narrated that the Prophet said: "Our Mahdi will have a broad forehead and an aquiline nose. He will fill the earth with justice as it is filled with injustice and tyranny. He will rule for seven years." (Abu Dawud, Sahih, Vol. 2, p. 208; Fusul al-muhimma, p. 275)
Narrated by Umm Salamah: The Prophet said, "Disagreement will occur at the death of a ruler and a man from the people of Medina will flee to Mecca. Some of the people of Mecca will come to him, bring him out against his will and swear allegiance to him between the Corner and the Maqam. An army will then be sent against him from Syria but will be swallowed up in the desert between Mecca and Medina. When the people see that, the eminent saints (Al-Abdal) of Syria and the best people of Iraq will come to him and swear allegiance to him.Then a man from Quraysh whose mother is from Kalb will appear and send against them an army which will be overcome by them, and that is the Battle of Kalb. Disappointed will be the one who does not receive the booty of Kalb. He will divide the property, and will govern the people by the Sunnah of the Prophet. He will remain seven years, then die, and the Muslims will pray over him." (Sunan Abu Dawud, Book 36, No. 4273)
Events before Great War:War with Dajjal & Advent Of Isa alai salaam/Jesus
Involvement Of Syria
Narrated son of Hawalah:
The Prophet said: "It will turn out that you will be armed troops; one in Syria, one in the Yemen and one in Iraq. Son of Hawalah said: Choose for me, Messenger of Allah, if I reach that time. He replied: Go to Syria, for it is Allah's chosen land, to which his best servants will be gathered, but if you are unwilling, go to your Yemen, and draw water from your tanks, for Allah has on my account taken special charge of Syria and its people."
(Sunan Abu-Dawud, Book 14, No. 2477)
Prophet Muhammad said, "A section of my community will continue to fight at the gates of Damascus and around it and at the gates of Jerusalem and around it. It does not effect them the desertion of people who deserted them. They (will continue to) hold The Truth till the Judgment Day occurs."
(al-Hafiz al-Haithami)
Narrated Abu Darda':
The Prophet (upon whom be blessings and peace) said: "The place of assembly of the Muslims at the time of the Great war (Armageddon) will be in al-Ghutah near a city called Damascus, one of the best cities in Syria. " (Sunan Abu Dawud, Book 37, No. 4285)
"When the Great War occurs, a group from the masters will come from Damascus. They are the most honorable horses (horse is the symbol of honor) among Arabs and they have the best weapons among them (Arabs). Allah will support The Religion (Islam) with them."
(Son of Majah, Hakem, Ibn-3asaker)
Narrated Yusair son of Jabir: Once there blew a red storm in Kufah and there came a person who had nothing to say but (these words): "Abdullah son of Mas'ud, the Last Hour has come." He (Abdullah son of Mas'ud) was sitting reclining against something, and he said: "The Last Hour will not come until the people do not divide inheritance and rejoice over booty." Then He said pointing towards Syria, with a gesture of his hand like this: "The enemy will muster strength against the Muslims and the Muslims will muster strength against them." I said: "You mean Rome?" He said: "Yes, and there will be a terrible fight. The Muslims will prepare a detachment (for fighting unto death), which will not return unless victorious. They will fight until darkness intervenes. Both sides will return without being victorious and both will be wiped out. The Muslims will again prepare a detachment for fighting unto death so that they may not return unless victorious. When it is the fourth day, a new detachment from the remnant of the Muslims will be prepared and Allah will decree that the enemy will be routed. They would fight such a fight the like of which has not been seen, so fierce that even if a bird were to pass their flanks, it would fall down dead before reaching the other end. (There will be such a large scale massacre) that when counting will be done, (only) one out of a hundred men related to one another would be found alive. So what can be the joy at the spoils of such war and what inheritance can be divided? They will be in this very state when they will hear of a calamity more horrible than this. A cry will reach them: 'The Dajjal has taken your place among your offspring.' They will therefore throw away what is in their hands and go forward, sending ten horsemen as a scouting party. Allah's Apostle (peace be upon him) said: 'I know their names, the names of their forefathers and the color of their horses. They will be the best horsemen on the surface of the Earth on that day or among the best horsemen on the surface of the Earth on that day.'"(Sahih Muslim, Book 41, No. 6927)
Involvement Of -Istanbul-Constantinople
Conquest of Istanbul and Rome
Imam Ahmad narrated that Abdullah bin 'Amr bin Al-Aas said, "While we were around the Messenger of Allah) writing (the Hadith) the Messenger of Allah sallallaahu `alayhi wa sallam was asked/ 'Which of these two cities will be conquered first, Constantinople or Rome?' He said, 'The city of Heraclius will first be conquered.' He meant Constantinople.'' (Al-Hakim, Al-Mustadrak, vol. 4, p. 508. Also, see As-Silsilah as-Sahihah, vol. 1)
Reported by Abu Hurayrah: The Prophet said:
"If there only remains but one day left in the world, Allah will prolong it until a man from my house governs. He will open Constantinople (Istanbul) and the Mountain of Al-Daylam."
(Ibn Hibban, At-Tirmizi, Abuya'li, At-Tabarani, Al Bazaar, Abu Nuaym and Al Hakim.)
Nafi’, the son of ‘Utbah said, “The Prophet said, ‘you will invade the Arabian Peninsula and Allah will grant it (to you). Then (you will invade) Persia and Allah will grant it (to you). Then, you will invade Rome and Allah will grant it (to you). Then, you will invade The Dajjal and Allah will grant him (to you).’”
Mu’adh, the son of Jabal said, “The Prophet Sallallahu ‘Alaihi Wa Sallam said, ‘The building of Bayt al-Maqdis (al-Aqsa in Jerusalem) will be followed by the destruction of Yathrib (Madinah), which will be followed by a fierce battle (great war), which will be followed by the conquest of Rome, which will be followed by the appearance of the Dajjal.’"
Narrated Mu'adh ibn Jabal: The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "The flourishing state of Jerusalem will be when Yathrib is in ruins, the ruined state of Yathrib will be when the great war comes, the outbreak of the great war (i.e., the battle of Armageddon) will be at the conquest of Constantinople and the conquest of Constantinople when the Dajjal comes forth." He (the Prophet) struck his thigh or his shoulder with his hand and said: "This is as true as you are here or as you are sitting (meaning Mu'adh ibn Jabal)".
(Translation of Sunan Abu-Dawud, Battles (Kitab Al-Malahim), Book 37, Number 4281)
The Book Pertaining to the Turmoil and Portents of the Last Hour (Kitab Al-Fitan wa Ashrat As-Sa`ah) Muslim :: Book 41 : Hadith 6959 Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) as saying: The Last Hour would not come until the Muslims fight with the Turks-a people whose faces would be like hammered shields wearing clothes of hair and walking (with shoes) of hair.
The Book Pertaining to the Turmoil and Portents of the Last Hour (Kitab Al-Fitan wa Ashrat As-Sa`ah) Muslim :: Book 41 : Hadith 6930 Nafi' b. Utba reported: We were with Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) in an expedition that there came a people to Allah's Apostle (may peace be upon him) from the direction of the west. They were dressed in woollen clothes and they stood near a hillock and they met him as Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) was sitting. I said to myself: Better go to them and stand between him and them that they may not attack him. Then I thought that perhaps there had been going on secret negotiation amongst them. I however, went to them and stood between them and him and I remember four of the words (on that occasion) which I repeat (on the fingers of my hand) that he (Allah's Messenger) said: You will attack Arabia and Allah will enable you to conquer it, then you would attack Persia and He would make you to Conquer it. Then you would attack Rome and Allah will enable you to conquer it, then you would attack the Dajjal and Allah will enable you to conquer him. Nafi' said: Jabir, we thought that the Dajjal would appear after Rome (Syrian territory) would be conquered.
Narrated Abu Hurayrah:
Allah's Apostle (peace be upon him) said: "The Last Hour will not come until the Romans land at al-A'maq or in Dabiq. An army consisting of the best (soldiers) of the people on Earth at that time will come from Medina (to oppose them). When they arrange themselves in ranks, the Romans will say: 'Do not stand between us and those (Muslims) who took prisoners from among us. Let us fight them.' The Muslims will say: 'Nay, by Allah, we shall never turn aside from you and from our brethren so that you may fight them.'
They will then fight and a third (part) of the army, whom Allah will never forgive, will run away. A third (part of the army), which will be constituted of excellent martyrs in Allah's eyes, would be killed. The third who will never be put on trial will win and they will be the conquerors of Constantinople." (and/or Rome) As they are busy in distributing the spoils of war (amongst themselves) after hanging their swords by the olive trees, Satan will cry: The Dajjal has taken your place among your families. They will then come out, but it will be of no avail. When they reach Syria, he will come out while they are still preparing themselves for battle, drawing up the ranks."
Certainly, the time of prayer will come and then ‘Eessa (peace be upon him), son of Maryam, descends and will lead them in prayer. When the enemy of Allah sees him, it will (disappear) just as salt dissolves in water and if he (‘Eessa) were not to confront them at all, even then it would dissolve completely. Allah would kill them by his hand and he would show them their blood on his lance."
(Muslim Book No: 40 No: 6924)
Reported by Abu Hurayrah:
The Prophet said, "The Romans will surround a leader from my pure-musked children. His name will be the same as mine (i.e. the Mahdi). They will fight each other at a place called Al-A'maq and one third, or thereabouts, of the Muslims will be killed. They will fight again on another day and again one third or thereabouts of the Muslims will be killed. On the third day they will fight again and the Romans will be defeated. And they will remain there until they open Constantinople. It is whilst they are distributing the spoils of war that a messenger will come informing them that the false messiah is in their home town with their children." (Son of Hibban, At-Tirmizi, Abuya'li, At-Tabarani, Al Bazaar, Abu Nuaym and Al Hakim.)
Note: The above can be seen as evidence supporting the fact that during the Mahdi's reign, the Romans will be defeated and Istanbul along with Rome, will be conquered, the Dajjal will appear and 'Eessa will descend. This further supports the fact that the Dajjal emerges after the Mahdi and not before.
Battles (Kitab Al-Malahim) Dawud :: Book 37 : Hadith 4281 Narrated Mu'adh ibn Jabal: The Prophet (peace_be_upon_him) said: The flourishing state of Jerusalem will be when Yathrib is in ruins, the ruined state of Yathrib will be when the great war comes, the outbreak of the great war will be at the conquest of Constantinople and the conquest of Constantinople when the Dajjal (Antichrist) comes forth. He (the Prophet) struck his thigh or his shoulder with his hand and said: This is as true as you are here or as you are sitting (meaning Mu'adh ibn Jabal).
Narrated Mu'adh son of Jabal:The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "The greatest war, the conquest of Constantinople and the coming forth of the Dajjal (False Messiah) will take place within a period of seven months."(Sunan Abu Dawud: Book 37, Number 4282)
Narrated Abu Hurayrah:
Allah's Apostle (peace_be_upon_him) said: "You have heard of the city, one side of which is inclined and the other is on the coast." They said: "Yes, Allah's Apostle (peace be upon him)." Thereupon he said: "The Last Hour will not come until 70,000 people from the children of Israel attack it. When they land there, they will neither fight with weapons nor shower arrows but will only say: 'There is no god but Allah and Allah is the Greatest,' and one side of it will fall." Thawr (one of the narrators) said: I think that he said: "The area on the coast. Then they will say for the second time, 'There is no god but Allah and Allah is the Greatest,' and the other side will also fall. They will say, 'There is no god but Allah is the Greatest,' and the gates will be opened for them and they will enter. They will be collecting spoils of war and distributing them among themselves when a noise will be heard and it will be said: 'Verily, the Dajjal has come.' Thus they will leave everything there and turn to (confront) him."
(Muslim Book No: 40 No: 6979)
Later Mahdi Rules Whole World
The Prophet said, "There have been four great kings on the Earth: Two were believers and two were unbelievers. The believers were Dhu'l-Qarnayn and Sulaiyman (Solomon), and the unbelievers were Nimrod and Bakhtinasr. There will be a fifth king to rule the world will be from the people of my House."(Ibn al-Jawzi, Mektubat-i Rabbani, 2/1163)
"The Mahdi will rule the world like the Prophet Dhu’l-Qarnayn and the Prophet Sulaiyman."
(Ibn Hajar al-Haythami, Al-Qawl al-Mukhtasar fi 'Alamat al-Mahdi al-Muntazar, p. 29)
Note: These two hadeeths demonstrate that the Mahdi's rule is comparable to the rule of "Dhu'l-Qarnayn" and Prophet Sulaiyman. Prophet Sulaiyman is obviously King Solomon and "Dhu'l-Qarnayn" is said by some to be Cyrus or Dairus I, the emperor of Persia.
Note: The Great Imam of Islam, Imam al-Suyuti is considered by many to have been one of the reformers of Islam that the Prophet Muhammad (upon whom be blessings and peace) said God would send every one hundred years to renew the religion. He lived more than 400 years ago at a time of the 1000 year millennial year of the Hijra when for subjective reasons, many common Muslims thought the Imam Mahdi was to come to usher in the Kingdom of God. The Imam wrote a book refuting any significance to the year 1000 A.H (Hijri on the Islamic calendar). He also wrote that according to his knowledge and all his understanding of the Ahadeeth and the Qur'an the year of the Imam Mahdi will be some time in the 15th Islamic century . We are now in the early part of the 15th Islamic century. What is also significant is that the Mahdi is expected to appear in the 2nd or 3rd decade of this Islamic century (which is now). It should also be noted however that according to the Qur'an no one can predict when the Day of Judgment itself will exactly occur.
"The Mahdi will own the entire world."
(Al-Muttaqi al-Hindi, Al-Burhan fi 'Alamat al-Mahdi Akhir al-Zaman, p. 10)
"The Mahdi will invade all the places between East and West"
(Ibn Hajar al-Haythami, Al-Qawl al-Mukhtasar fi 'Alamat al-Mahdi al-Muntazar, p. 56)
"A small group of Muslims will rise and conquer the White House." (Musnad al-Imaam Ahmad)
Note: Mahdi rules the entire world, it could only be after the the Great war, which would also mean after the Dajjal.
Allah Knows Best
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